Churches and cathedrals, public buildings and academic institutions, and even private homes are venues in which one can find stained glass windows. Jewish synagogues and Moslem mosques sometimes also display stained glass windows. Sunlight filtered through colorful glass creates an almost hallowed effect that is far more pleasant than the glare of direct light through clear windows, which has made stained glass windows a prominent favorite in many religious institutions.

Stained glass windows are typically found in churches and were first made for this purpose. Natural light is used to illuminate the stained glass window in order to help tell the story depicted by the church. This way, the holy events on the windows are brought to life by the presence of God through the natural light. Each design told a story from the Bible or of an influential Saint in history in pictures, rather than words since most people in history could not read. Visitors or pilgrims who wanted to learn more about the holy event or story being told in the stained glass window could ask the guide or monk for more details.

To create stained glass windows, the following steps must be performed in order:

▪ Draft the design on paper. ▪ Transfer the draft design onto a template copy to use as a map for the window pieces and includes any adjustments to the copper foil or lead cameos that will be used to join the pieces. ▪ There are several methods artists use when transferring the template to glass: ⁃ Before cutting the glass, attach the paper design to it. ⁃ Holding the paper design to the glass, use a marker to trace around it. ⁃ A light box or other mechanism which can be used to shine light through the paper from underneath will project the design onto the sheet glass; trace the projected outline onto the glass. ⁃ Simply cut the glass around the edges of the design. ▪ To etch of score the design outline into glass, first use cutting oil-lubricated steel or carbide wheel glass cutter, and then break the glass with breaker-grozier pliers, running pliers or traditional glass cutter with built-in grozier.More intricate shapes can be created by using the ball end of the glass cutter to tap the other side of the glass, which sends vibrations along the scored line and breaks it along its weakest points. ▪ With a diamond-coated grinding wheel or a carborundum stone, grind the cut glass to smooth over the rough edges or any potential inaccuracies. ▪ For maximum lateral tensile strength, smooth and “stretch” the lead came (Some stained glass crafters refute this, arguing that it weakens the binding material).

▪ Start from one corner and work toward the middle to being the intricate assembly of lead and glass, fitting the end of one lead came under the ears of the lead came it meets.

▪ Fluxing when necessary, solder the joints of the cames together with lead or tin soldier.

▪ Finally, apply a waterproofing putty such as linseed oil and calcium carbonate; the stained glass window is now ready to be installed.

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